2003 JAPAN LAW: STOCK EXCHANGES-Securities
manipulators?
Keywords: Stock Exchanges, Securities Exchange Law
Copyright 2004. All rights reserved Attorney Roderick H. Seeman
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The leading issue for stock exchanges in 2003 was the arrest of the former
vice-president of the Osaka Stock Exchange for violation of the securities
laws. What is most relevant is from the sociological viewpoint in Japan.
Specifically, how former powerful government bureaucrats, who, after all,
are the managers who not only exercise the application of laws in Japan,
but essentially write the laws and in most cases interpret them, operate.
If they feel all powerful and that it is permissible for them in their omnipotence
to skirt the law and distort markets, keep that in mind the next time the
yen exchange rate is affected by market interventions annually exceeding
US treasury issues by a so-called fiscally irresponsible US administration,
by a government claiming to operate under the principals of market capitalism.
Foreign exchange interventions at such unprecedented levels not only distort,
they control exchange rates as effectively as legal foreign exchange controls,
and in this case has the side effect of crippling self-correcting influences
of the market forces in other nations, in this case providing low interest
rates for such securities as ravenous foreign central banks buy such securities
without limit. No need, for the time being, to fear higher interest rates
usually accompanying massive deficits. But the loss of control over your
financial market to foreign central banks? Is it worth it? Particularly when
it is caused by mercantilism contrary to market forces?
Again, in the specific case of the Osaka Stock Exchange, Japanese police
arrested the former vice-president of the Osaka Stock Exchange on charges
of violating the securities laws. The former vice-president was one of those
former officials of the all powerful Ministry of Finance, who “fell from
heaven” to reward their lower other worldly beings with their divine presence.
In this case, the man appears to have exercised more power than even the
president of the exchange, not particularly unusual in view of the theory
that the value they offer to their post-retirement posh positions is their
connections to the all powerful ministry. This man appears to have overdone
it (but he was not the only former bureaucrat demigod hit in 2003---look
at what happened to the former President of the Japan Public Highway Corporation
who ran the firm with dictatorial manner and even defied the government for
months until finally thrown out---reflecting their general outlook of their
proper role in the society). In fact, it was widely believed that this vice-president,
former bureaucrat wielded more power at the exchange than the president of
the exchange himself.
In early 2003 the Securities and Exchange Surveillance Commission, Japan’s
securities watch dog, launched an inspection of the Osaka Stock Exchange
on suspicions that it had been manipulating trading in the options of stocks
in order to make it appear that volume on the exchange was matching that
at rival Tokyo Stock Exchange. From July 1997 affiliates of the Osaka Stock
Exchange had been making trades on the same day matching buy and sell orders
with the primary objective, it appears, of merely building trading volume
on the exchange. In June, 2003 prosecutors raided the exchange and the home
of the vice president of the exchange. The stock trades, manipulative in
violation of the Securities Exchange Law, appear to have been carried out
under the instructions of the former Ministry of Finance who had become vice-president
of the Exchange. Affiliates handling the trades appear to have been established
upon the instructions of the vice-president and without the approval of the
exchange’s board of directors. In fact the Exchange itself had filed a complaint
with the prosecutors office seeking criminal prosecution of the vice-president
for losses caused to the exchange as a result of these transactions. Following
the raids, the exchange “reprimanded” 12 of its employees for their part
in the transactions. The exchange also banned its employees from trading
in shares. As for the exchange itself, the government punished the exchange
by ordering it to delay by three months its plan to list itself as a publicly
traded company on its own exchange.